Go 部落格

Go 2016 年調查結果

Steve Francia,代表 Go 團隊
2017 年 3 月 6 日

感謝

本文總結了我們於 2016 年 12 月進行的使用者調查結果,並附帶我們的評論和見解。我們感謝所有透過調查提供反饋、幫助塑造 Go 未來的人們。

程式設計背景

在 3,595 名受訪者中,89% 表示他們在工作或工作之外使用 Go 程式設計,其中 39% 在家和工作都使用 Go,27% 只在家使用 Go,23% 只在工作使用 Go。

我們詢問了人們工作的領域。63% 的人表示他們從事 Web 開發,但只有 9% 的人只列出了 Web 開發。實際上,77% 的人選擇了兩個或更多領域,53% 的人選擇了三個或更多。

我們還詢問了人們使用 Go 編寫的程式型別。63% 的受訪者編寫命令列程式,60% 編寫 API 或 RPC 服務,52% 編寫 Web 服務。與上一個問題類似,大多數人選擇了多個選項,其中 85% 選擇兩個或更多,72% 選擇三個或更多。

我們詢問了人們在程式語言方面的專長和偏好。毫不意外,Go 在受訪者的第一選擇中排名最高,無論是專長 (26%) 還是偏好 (62%)。排除 Go 後,語言專長的前五名第一選擇是 Python (18%)、Java (17%)、JavaScript (13%)、C (11%) 和 PHP (8%);語言偏好的前五名第一選擇是 Python (22%)、JavaScript (10%)、C (9%)、Java (9%) 和 Ruby (7%)。Go 顯然正在吸引許多來自動態語言的程式設計師。

The following apply to me: (multiple choice) 2,386 (66%) I program in Go outside of work 2,235 (62%) I program at work in Go 2,004 (56%) I program at work in another language 618 (17%) I manage a programming team 337  (9%) I am a student 78  (2%) Other 10  (0%) No response

資料解讀:這是一個“多選題”,因此百分比加起來遠超 100%。本文中的所有圖表都顯示了總數以及完成的 3,595 份調查中相應的百分比。

I work in the following areas: (multiple choice) 2,272 (63%) Web development 1,359 (38%) Systems programming 1,251 (35%) DevOps 1,169 (33%) Network programming 1,006 (28%) Databases 533 (15%) Mobile 490 (14%) Desktop/GUI applications 457 (13%) Security 435 (12%) Data Science 417 (12%) Finance/Commerce 394 (11%) Embedded devices/Internet of Things 379 (11%) Academic/Scientific/Numeric 228  (6%) Gaming 238  (7%) Other 74  (2%) No response

I've used Go for: (single choice) 432 (12%) Less than 3 months 1,009 (28%) 3 - 12 months 829 (23%) 13 - 24 months 903 (25%) 2 - 4 years 321  (9%) 4+ years 77  (2%) I've never used Go 24  (1%) No response

I write the following in Go: (multiple choice) 2,247 (63%) A runnable/interactive program (CLI) 2,174 (60%) API/RPC services (returning non-HTML) 1,886 (52%) Web services (returning HTML) 1,583 (44%) Agents and daemons (e.g, monitoring) 1,417 (39%) Libraries or Frameworks 1,209 (34%) Data processing (pipeline, aggregation) 1,120 (31%) Automation/scripts (e.g, deployment, configuration management) 107  (3%) I don't write in Go 137  (4%) Other 45  (1%) No response

I write in Go: (single choice) 1,567 (44%) As part of my daily routine 1,054 (29%) Weekly 486 (14%) Infrequently 368 (10%) Monthly 77  (2%) I've never written in Go 43  (1%) No response

Rank the following languages in terms of your expertise: (ordered choice, up to 5) 3,111 (26, 26, 19, 10, 5%) Go 2,048 (8, 15, 14, 11, 8%) JavaScript 1,896 (12, 12, 10, 10, 7%) Python 1,618 (13, 8, 8, 8, 8%) Java 1,512 (8, 8, 9, 9, 7%) C 1,064 (2, 4, 7, 8, 8%) Bash 1,039 (5, 5, 7, 6, 6%) C++ 830 (6, 4, 4, 5, 4%) PHP 668 (5, 4, 3, 4, 3%) Ruby 622 (5, 3, 3, 4, 3%) C# 294 (2, 1, 2, 2, 2%) Perl 184 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1%) Scala 156 (0, 0, 1, 1, 2%) Rust 142 (0, 0, 1, 1, 1%) Lua 136 (0, 0, 0, 1, 2%) Haskell 94 (0, 0, 0, 1, 1%) R 93 (0, 0, 0, 1, 1%) Clojure 72 (0, 0, 0, 0, 1%) Erlang 18 (0, 0, 0, 0, 0%) Julia 499 (2, 3, 3, 3, 3%) Other 134 (3.7%) No response

資料解讀:這是一個“排序選擇題”。第一、第二、第三、第四和第五選擇分別顯示為條形圖中顏色逐漸變淺的部分。條形圖旁顯示的總數是所有選擇的總數;百分比列表顯示了選擇是如何分佈的。

Rank the following languages in terms of your preference: (ordered choice, up to 5) 3,248 (62, 19, 6, 2, 1%) Go 1,796 (7, 17, 12, 9, 5%) Python 1,482 (3, 9, 13, 10, 8%) JavaScript 1,235 (2, 8, 9, 9, 6%) C 1,167 (3, 7, 8, 7, 7%) Java 809 (2, 4, 6, 6, 5%) C++ 647 (1, 3, 5, 5, 5%) Bash 563 (3, 5, 4, 3, 2%) Ruby 557 (2, 4, 4, 3, 2%) C# 475 (2, 4, 3, 3, 2%) Rust 449 (1, 2, 3, 3, 3%) PHP 278 (1, 2, 2, 2, 1%) Haskell 215 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1%) Perl 214 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1%) Scala 178 (0, 1, 2, 2, 1%) Lua 168 (0, 1, 1, 1, 1%) Erlang 156 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1%) Clojure 79 (0, 0, 0, 1, 1%) R 43 (0, 0, 0, 0, 0%) Julia 507 (3, 4, 4, 2, 1%) Other 166 (4.6%) No response

Go 使用情況

使用者對 Go 非常滿意:他們同意會向他人推薦 Go 的比例為 19:1,他們更傾向於在下一個專案中使用 Go (14:1),並且 Go 在他們的團隊中執行良好 (18:1)。認為 Go 對公司成功至關重要的使用者較少 (2.5:1)。

當被問及最喜歡 Go 的什麼時,使用者最常提到 Go 的簡潔性、易用性、併發特性和效能。當被問及哪些改變能最大程度地改進 Go 時,使用者最常提到泛型、包版本控制和依賴管理。其他熱門回答包括 GUI、除錯和錯誤處理。

當被問及個人使用 Go 面臨的最大挑戰時,使用者提到了上一個問題中建議的許多技術改進。非技術挑戰中最常見的主題是說服他人使用 Go 以及向他人(包括管理層)傳達 Go 的價值。另一個常見主題是學習 Go 或幫助他人學習,包括查詢入門指南、教程、示例和最佳實踐等文件。

一些具有代表性的常見反饋(為保密而轉述)

“文件對初學者來說不夠清晰。它需要更多示例,並且經常假設讀者有其他語言經驗和各種計算機科學知識。”

“我想在工作中使用 Go,但很難說服我的團隊去嘗試 Go。”

“我無法獲得管理層批准使用 Go;他們看不到它的價值,並擔心採用和尋找開發者的問題。”

我們感謝提供的反饋,這些反饋幫助我們識別了使用者和社群面臨的挑戰。在 2017 年,我們將重點解決這些問題,並希望儘可能做出重大改進。我們歡迎社群提出建議和貢獻,將這些挑戰轉化為 Go 的優勢。

To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: (strongly disagree, disagree, somewhat disagree, neutral, somewhat agree, agree, strongly agree) 3,250 (2, 1, 1, 2, 5, 21, 57%) I would recommend using Go to others (19:1) 3,219 (3, 1, 2, 4, 8, 19, 52%) I would prefer to use Go for my next new project (14:1) 2,325 (1, 1, 1, 7, 8, 25, 22%) Go is working well for my team. (18:1) 2,336 (4, 7, 3, 14, 12, 12, 12%) Go is critical to my company's success. (2.5:1)

資料解讀:這個問題詢問受訪者對陳述的同意或不同意程度。每個陳述的回答顯示為單一條形圖的不同部分,從左端的深紅色“非常不同意”到右端的深藍色“非常同意”。這些條形圖使用與其餘圖表相同的比例,因此它們的總長度可能會因缺少回答而有所不同(並且確實如此,尤其在調查後期)。文字後面的比例比較了同意(包括“有些同意”和“非常同意”)的受訪者人數與不同意(包括“有些不同意”和“非常不同意”)的受訪者人數。例如,同意會推薦 Go 的受訪者與不同意的受訪者的比例是 19 比 1。

What do you like most about Go? 595 (17%) simplicity 543 (15%) easy 523 (15%) concurrency 495 (14%) simple 454 (13%) fast 293  (8%) syntax 287  (8%) standard library 286  (8%) tooling 270  (8%) static 266  (7%) performance 235  (7%) speed 202  (6%) interfaces 184  (5%) channels 183  (5%) community 180  (5%) good 177  (5%) compilation 177  (5%) goroutines 167  (5%) binary 156  (4%) great 148  (4%) tools 146  (4%) compiled 137  (4%) compile 127  (4%) type 124  (3%) small 118  (3%) c 114  (3%) gofmt 114  (3%) libraries 88  (2%) clean 87  (2%) easy to learn 82  (2%) deployment 78  (2%) memory 78  (2%) strong 76  (2%) concise 76  (2%) single binary 73  (2%) low 73  (2%) static typing 71  (2%) build 68  (2%) easy to read 63  (2%) fast compilation 56  (2%) simple syntax 55  (2%) type system 54  (2%) simple language 51  (1%) easy concurrency 47  (1%) static binaries 46  (1%) go fmt 45  (1%) fast compile 43  (1%) small language 41  (1%) error handling 39  (1%) concurrency model 39  (1%) go routines 38  (1%) easy to use 38  (1%) statically typed 36  (1%) cross platform 35  (1%) concurrency primitives 35  (1%) goroutines channels 33  (1%) easy to write 27  (1%) great standard library 23  (1%) ease of use 940 (26%) No response

資料解讀:這個問題要求填寫回答。上面的條形圖顯示了提到常見詞語或短語的調查比例。僅列出出現在二十份或更多調查中的詞語或短語,並省略了像“the”或“to be”這樣無意義的常見詞語或短語。顯示的結果確實存在重疊:例如,提到“standard library”的 287 個回答確實包括單獨列出的提到“great standard library”的 27 個回答。然而,幾乎或完全冗餘的較短條目被省略了:沒有二十份或更多調查在提到“standard library”時只列出了“standard”,因此沒有單獨的“standard”條目。

What changes would improve Go most? 572 (16%) generics 451 (13%) management 330  (9%) dependency 314  (9%) package 266  (7%) dependency management 164  (5%) library 159  (4%) gui 134  (4%) package management 134  (4%) vendoring 128  (4%) debugger 126  (4%) libraries 122  (3%) standard 117  (3%) type 109  (3%) error 94  (3%) system 89  (2%) types 88  (2%) official 85  (2%) tools 84  (2%) c 82  (2%) gopath 78  (2%) performance 70  (2%) error handling 70  (2%) ide 69  (2%) package manager 66  (2%) documentation 66  (2%) faster 64  (2%) good 63  (2%) simple 63  (2%) tool 62  (2%) mobile 60  (2%) debugging 57  (2%) build 56  (2%) packages 55  (2%) easier 55  (2%) standard library 55  (2%) tooling 54  (2%) interface 51  (1%) dependencies 51  (1%) generic 48  (1%) programming 48  (1%) versioning 47  (1%) syntax 45  (1%) compile 45  (1%) solution 44  (1%) framework 43  (1%) examples 43  (1%) gc 43  (1%) type system 42  (1%) gui library 41  (1%) templates 40  (1%) android 40  (1%) community 40  (1%) function 40  (1%) native 40  (1%) ui 40  (1%) web 39  (1%) functions 21  (1%) cross platform 1,215 (34%) No response

What is the biggest challenge you personally face using Go today? 249 (6.9%) lack 206 (5.7%) management 146 (4.1%) libraries 129 (3.6%) generics 127 (3.5%) dependency management 84 (2.3%) work 78 (2.2%) package 76 (2.1%) hard 68 (1.9%) time 67 (1.9%) good 67 (1.9%) java 66 (1.8%) gui 61 (1.7%) web 60 (1.7%) c 60 (1.7%) debugging 59 (1.6%) vendoring 58 (1.6%) projects 56 (1.6%) lack of generics 56 (1.6%) library 51 (1.4%) type 51 (1.4%) write 50 (1.4%) finding 49 (1.4%) ide 49 (1.4%) packages 48 (1.3%) dependencies 46 (1.3%) package management 45 (1.3%) debugger 44 (1.2%) adoption 42 (1.2%) people 41 (1.1%) learning 41 (1.1%) team 40 (1.1%) convincing 40 (1.1%) tools 39 (1.1%) error handling 39 (1.1%) interfaces 39 (1.1%) other languages 39 (1.1%) writing 38 (1.1%) interface 38 (1.1%) others 37 (1.0%) python 35 (1.0%) find 35 (1.0%) gopath 35 (1.0%) programming 34 (0.9%) can't 34 (0.9%) standard 33 (0.9%) build 33 (0.9%) tooling 32 (0.9%) generic 31 (0.9%) boilerplate 30 (0.8%) applications 30 (0.8%) developers 30 (0.8%) having 30 (0.8%) types 30 (0.8%) working 26 (0.7%) at work 26 (0.7%) using go 22 (0.6%) no generics 20 (0.6%) not enough 1,581 (44.0%) No response

If it were not for the following reasons I would use Go more: (ordered choice, up to 3) 1,485 (24, 14, 4%) I work on an existing project written in another language 1,160 (16, 12, 4%) My project / team / TL prefers another language 841 (11, 8, 5%) Go isn’t an appropriate fit for what I’m working on (eg. iOS, JS) 596 (6, 6, 4%) Go lacks critical libraries 412 (6, 3, 2%) Go lacks critical features 319 (3, 3, 3%) Not enough education or support resources for Go 121 (1, 1, 1%) Go lacks critical performance 374 (4, 3, 3%) Other 1,042 (29%) No response

If you desire, please elaborate on your reasons above. 58 (1.6%) c 58 (1.6%) java 58 (1.6%) libraries 50 (1.4%) python 47 (1.3%) web 45 (1.3%) generics 45 (1.3%) work 40 (1.1%) projects 34 (0.9%) languages 33 (0.9%) hard 32 (0.9%) lack 32 (0.9%) team 31 (0.9%) library 31 (0.9%) people 29 (0.8%) gui 25 (0.7%) good 25 (0.7%) performance 24 (0.7%) mobile 24 (0.7%) written 23 (0.6%) programming 23 (0.6%) time 22 (0.6%) golang 20 (0.6%) company 20 (0.6%) existing 20 (0.6%) great 20 (0.6%) php 20 (0.6%) tools 3,033 (84.4%) No response

開發與部署

當被問及他們使用哪種作業系統開發 Go 時,63% 的受訪者表示使用 Linux,44% 使用 MacOS,19% 使用 Windows,允許選擇多個選項,其中 49% 的受訪者在多個系統上進行開發。選擇單一系統的 51% 受訪者分佈為:Linux 29%,MacOS 17%,Windows 5%,其他系統 0.2%。

Go 的部署方式大致均勻分佈在私有管理伺服器和託管雲伺服器之間。

I primarily develop Go on: (multiple choice) 2,263 (63%) Linux 1,592 (44%) MacOS 682 (19%) Windows 82  (2%) Other 434 (12%) No response

My preferred code editor: (ordered choice, up to 2) 1,359 (25, 13%) Vim 814 (14, 9%) VSCode 676 (10, 9%) Atom 687 (13, 6%) IntelliJ 655 (10, 8%) Sublime Text 305 (6, 2%) Emacs 137 (2, 2%) Visual Studio 153 (3, 2%) LiteIDE 99 (1, 2%) Eclipse 37 (1, 1%) Acme 238 (4, 3%) Other 425 (12%) No response

How satisfied are you with Go support in your preferred editor: (single choice) 69 (1.9%) Very Dissatisfied 52 (1.4%) Dissatisfied 164 (4.6%) Somewhat Dissatisfied 134 (3.7%) Neither Satisfied or Unsatisfied 609 (16.9%) Somewhat Satisfied 1,258 (35.0%) Satisfied 838 (23.3%) Very Satisfied 471 (13.1%) No response

What one addition would make the biggest improvement to Go editing in your preferred editor? 180 (5.0%) debugging 136 (3.8%) debugger 116 (3.2%) refactoring 79 (2.2%) integration 72 (2.0%) tools 68 (1.9%) completion 58 (1.6%) editor 46 (1.3%) debug 43 (1.2%) code completion 43 (1.2%) work 41 (1.1%) vim 40 (1.1%) autocomplete 40 (1.1%) vscode 37 (1.0%) package 37 (1.0%) plugin 36 (1.0%) definition 36 (1.0%) easier 36 (1.0%) good 36 (1.0%) ide 36 (1.0%) intellij 35 (1.0%) faster 35 (1.0%) function 34 (0.9%) atom 34 (0.9%) interface 33 (0.9%) vim-go 32 (0.9%) gopath 31 (0.9%) integrated 30 (0.8%) working 29 (0.8%) auto 28 (0.8%) refactoring support 27 (0.8%) delve 27 (0.8%) type 26 (0.7%) guru 26 (0.7%) syntax 25 (0.7%) error 25 (0.7%) method 25 (0.7%) packages 25 (0.7%) plugins 24 (0.7%) compile 24 (0.7%) jump 23 (0.6%) features 23 (0.6%) find 23 (0.6%) goimports 23 (0.6%) navigation 23 (0.6%) performance 23 (0.6%) refactoring tools 23 (0.6%) works 22 (0.6%) autocompletion 22 (0.6%) debugging support 22 (0.6%) errors 22 (0.6%) gofmt 22 (0.6%) run 21 (0.6%) highlighting 21 (0.6%) save 21 (0.6%) setup 21 (0.6%) visual 20 (0.6%) documentation 20 (0.6%) great 2,291 (63.7%) No response

My team deploys Go/non-Go programs to: (multiple choice) 1,489 (41%) Self/Company Owned Servers (Go) 1,714 (48%) (non-Go) 928 (26%) AWS EC2 1,122 (31%) 503 (14%) None 249  (7%) 412 (11%) Digital Ocean 360 (10%) 292  (8%) AWS Container 343 (10%) 221  (6%) Google Compute Engine 186  (5%) 188  (5%) Google App Engine 94  (3%) 161  (4%) Google Container Engine (GKE) 115  (3%) 121  (3%) Heroku 185  (5%) 114  (3%) Microsoft Azure 210  (6%) 104  (3%) Linode 100  (3%) 94  (3%) AWS Lambda 233  (6%) 301  (8%) Other 297  (8%) 639 (18%) No response 660 (18%)

高效工作

我們詢問了人們對各種關於 Go 的陳述的同意或不同意程度。使用者最同意的是 Go 的效能滿足他們的需求(同意與不同意的比例為 57:1),他們能夠快速找到問題的答案(20:1),以及他們能夠有效地使用 Go 的併發特性(14:1)。另一方面,使用者最不同意的是他們能夠有效地除錯 Go 的併發特性使用(2.7:1)。

使用者大多同意他們能夠快速找到所需的庫(7.5:1)。當被問及還缺少哪些庫時,最常見的請求是用於編寫 GUI 的庫。另一個熱門話題是關於資料處理、分析以及數值和科學計算的請求。

在建議改進 Go 文件的 30% 使用者中,最常見的建議是增加更多示例。

Go 新聞的主要來源是 Go 部落格、Reddit 的 /r/golang 和 Twitter;這裡可能存在一些偏差,因為調查也是透過這些渠道公佈的。

查詢 Go 問題答案的主要來源是 Go 網站、Stack Overflow 和直接閱讀原始碼。

To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: (strongly disagree, disagree, somewhat disagree, neutral, somewhat agree, agree, strongly agree) 3,094 (1, 2, 5, 6, 27, 32, 12%) I have a good understanding of Go best practices. (9.6:1) 3,083 (0, 1, 3, 4, 17, 41, 20%) I am able to quickly find answers to my questions. (20:1) 3,053 (0, 0, 1, 2, 7, 32, 42%) Go's performance meets my needs. (57:1) 2,523 (1, 3, 5, 14, 15, 26, 8%) Go's support for language interoperability meets my needs. (6.0:1) 3,049 (1, 2, 6, 7, 24, 34, 11%) I am able to quickly find libraries that I need. (7.5:1) 3,083 (1, 2, 4, 5, 18, 37, 20%) Go language, library, and tool documentation meet my needs. (11:1)

What Go libraries do you need that aren't available today? 208 (5.8%) gui 144 (4.0%) library 121 (3.4%) libraries 63 (1.8%) native 60 (1.7%) ui 53 (1.5%) good 33 (0.9%) orm 33 (0.9%) standard 33 (0.9%) web 32 (0.9%) framework 32 (0.9%) gui library 31 (0.9%) mobile 28 (0.8%) android 28 (0.8%) database 28 (0.8%) desktop 28 (0.8%) libs 28 (0.8%) sql 26 (0.7%) cross platform 25 (0.7%) processing 25 (0.7%) xml 24 (0.7%) api 24 (0.7%) machine learning 24 (0.7%) official 24 (0.7%) windows 23 (0.6%) soap 22 (0.6%) toolkit 21 (0.6%) pdf 21 (0.6%) python 20 (0.6%) bindings 20 (0.6%) graphics 20 (0.6%) package 2,498 (69.5%) No response

What changes would most improve the Go documentation? 512 (14%) examples 300  (8%) more examples 134  (4%) documentation 69  (2%) example 62  (2%) docs 49  (1%) godoc 34  (1%) usage 32  (1%) functions 32  (1%) package 31  (1%) good 29  (1%) function 29  (1%) great 29  (1%) packages 29  (1%) search 28  (1%) cases 26  (1%) best practices 26  (1%) libraries 23  (1%) doc 23  (1%) more example 22  (1%) code examples 21  (1%) syntax 20  (1%) interface 2,532 (70%) No response

To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: (strongly disagree, disagree, somewhat disagree, neutral, somewhat agree, agree, strongly agree) 3,002 (1, 2, 6, 7, 23, 34, 11%) I am able to effectively diagnose bugs in my Go programs. (7.2:1) 2,725 (1, 2, 6, 13, 22, 24, 7%) I am able to effectively diagnose performance issues in my Go programs. (5.8:1) 2,932 (1, 2, 3, 5, 17, 33, 22%) I am able to effectively use Go's concurrency features (goroutines, channels, select). (14:1) 2,801 (2, 5, 11, 14, 23, 18, 5%) I am able to effectively debug uses of Go's concurrency features (goroutines, channels, select). (2.7:1)

Rank the following in terms of where you get Go answers from: (ordered choice, up to 5) 2,226 (23, 18, 12, 7, 3%) Stack Overflow 2,101 (30, 15, 8, 4, 1%) golang.org 1,814 (13, 17, 12, 7, 2%) Reading source code (e.g., standard library, open-source packages) 1,200 (3, 8, 12, 7, 4%) GitHub 854 (3, 7, 7, 5, 3%) golang-nuts mailing list (groups.google.com/d/forum/golang-nuts) 682 (2, 3, 5, 5, 3%) Reddit (r/golang) 630 (3, 4, 5, 3, 2%) Coworkers 334 (2, 2, 2, 2, 2%) Gopher Slack (invite.slack.golangbridge.org) 214 (1, 1, 2, 1, 1%) Friends 161 (0, 0, 1, 1, 1%) Twitter 156 (1, 1, 1, 1, 0%) IRC 126 (0, 1, 1, 1, 1%) Go Forum (forum.golangbridge.org) 262 (2, 2, 1, 1, 1%) Other 643 (18%) No response

Rank the following in terms of where you get Go news from: (ordered choice, up to 5) 1,659 (17, 14, 9, 4, 2%) blog.Golang.org 1,153 (17, 8, 4, 2, 1%) Reddit (r/golang) 1,053 (14, 8, 4, 3, 1%) Twitter 903 (6, 8, 6, 3, 1%) Hacker News 777 (9, 6, 4, 2, 0%) Golangweekly.com 633 (2, 6, 5, 4, 1%) Community Blogs 430 (2, 3, 4, 2, 1%) GitHub 418 (3, 3, 3, 2, 1%) golang-nuts mailing list (groups.google.com/d/forum/golang-nuts) 394 (3, 3, 3, 1, 1%) Coworkers 212 (1, 1, 2, 1, 1%) Gopher Slack (invite.slack.golangbridge.org) 203 (1, 2, 1, 1, 1%) Golangnews.com 199 (1, 2, 1, 1, 1%) golang-announce (groups.google.com/d/forum/golang-announce) 176 (1, 1, 1, 1, 1%) Go Time podcast 65 (0, 0, 0, 1, 0%) Go Forum (forum.golangbridge.org) 42 (0, 0, 0, 0, 0%) Facebook 160 (1, 1, 1, 0, 0%) Other 747 (21%) No response

I have attended: (multiple choice) 1,315 (37%) None 879 (24%) A Go meetup 523 (15%) A Go themed conference (GopherCon, GothamGo, etc) 276  (8%) A Go remote meetup / online event 186  (5%) Go training 165  (5%) A technical conference for it's Go content 43  (1%) A GoBridge event 37  (1%) A Women Who Go event 65  (2%) Other 993 (28%) No response

Go 專案

55% 的受訪者表示有興趣以某種方式為 Go 社群和專案做出貢獻。不幸的是,相對較少的人認為他們對此感到受歡迎(3.3:1),認為流程清晰的甚至更少(1.3:1)。在 2017 年,我們打算努力改進貢獻流程,並繼續努力讓所有貢獻者感到受歡迎。

受訪者同意他們對 Go 專案的領導層有信心(9:1),但同意專案領導層瞭解他們需求的比例要低得多(2.6:1),而同意他們感到自在地向專案領導層提出問題和反饋的比例甚至更低(2.2:1)。實際上,這是調查中唯一超過半數受訪者沒有勾選“有些同意”、“同意”或“非常同意”的問題(許多人選擇了中立或未回答)。

我們希望透過這次調查和這篇部落格文章傳達給那些不太願意表達自己的人們,Go 專案領導層正在傾聽。在整個 2017 年,我們將探索新的方式與使用者互動,以便更好地瞭解他們的需求。

I contribute to open source projects written in Go: (single choice) 1,227 (34%) Infrequently 890 (25%) Never 345 (10%) Monthly 295  (8%) Weekly 234  (7%) As part of my daily routine 604 (17%) No response

I have contributed or am interested in contributing in the following ways to the Go community and Projects: (multiple choice) 892 (25%) Standard library 663 (18%) Tools (go guru, go vet, go doc, etc) 602 (17%) Tutorials 560 (16%) Documentation 557 (15%) Community support via Stack Overflow, Slack, mailing list, etc 472 (13%) Community involvement (workgroups, meetup attendance) 440 (12%) Being a technical mentor 374 (10%) Toolchain (compiler, linker, etc) 275  (8%) Go Project maintenance (issue triage) 246  (7%) Event planning (meetup, conference, etc) 236  (7%) Language translation 165  (5%) General UX & Design contributions 154  (4%) golang.org website (code, UX, IA, content, etc) 92  (3%) Other 1,621 (45%) No response

To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: (strongly disagree, disagree, somewhat disagree, neutral, somewhat agree, agree, strongly agree) 2,091 (1, 3, 5, 19, 10, 14, 6%) I feel welcome to contribute to Go (compiler, standard library, documentation, website) (3.3:1) 2,168 (3, 7, 9, 16, 10, 11, 4%) The process of contributing to the Go project is clear to me (1.3:1) 1,900 (1, 2, 5, 22, 8, 11, 3%) The Go project leadership understands my needs (2.6:1) 2,114 (2, 4, 6, 18, 10, 14, 5%) I feel comfortable approaching the Go project leadership with questions and feedback (2.2:1) 2,374 (1, 1, 3, 12, 9, 24, 15%) I am confident in the leadership of Go (9.0:1)

What is the biggest challenge facing the Go project today? 71 (2.0%) community 68 (1.9%) google 63 (1.8%) generics 62 (1.7%) management 49 (1.4%) adoption 45 (1.3%) lack 43 (1.2%) features 43 (1.2%) people 40 (1.1%) dependency management 37 (1.0%) java 32 (0.9%) languages 31 (0.9%) keeping 29 (0.8%) c 27 (0.8%) developers 27 (0.8%) leadership 24 (0.7%) good 24 (0.7%) libraries 24 (0.7%) package 23 (0.6%) simple 21 (0.6%) core 21 (0.6%) feature 20 (0.6%) programming 20 (0.6%) team 2,771 (77.1%) No response

社群

在調查的最後,我們詢問了一些人口統計學問題。回答的國家分佈大致與 golang.org 網站訪問的國家分佈相符,但對一些亞洲國家的代表性不足。特別是印度、中國和日本在 2016 年分別約佔 golang.org 網站訪問量的 5%,但在調查回答中分別只佔 3%、2% 和 1%。

社群的一個重要組成部分是讓每個人都感到受歡迎,特別是來自代表性不足群體的人們。我們設定了一個關於不同多樣性群體身份認同的選填問題。37% 的受訪者留空了該問題,12% 的受訪者選擇了“我選擇不回答”,因此我們無法從資料中得出許多廣泛的結論。然而,一項比較引人注目:認為自己屬於代表性不足群體的 9% 受訪者對“我在 Go 社群感到受歡迎”這一陳述的同意比例為 7.5:1,而整個調查的同意比例為 15:1。我們的目標是讓 Go 社群更加受歡迎。我們支援並鼓勵 GoBridge 和 Women Who Go 等組織所做的努力。

調查的最後一個問題只是為了有趣:你最喜歡的 Go 關鍵字是什麼?也許毫不意外,最受歡迎的回答是 go,其次是 deferfuncinterfaceselect

To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: (strongly disagree, disagree, somewhat disagree, neutral, somewhat agree, agree, strongly agree) 2,701 (1, 1, 2, 11, 10, 31, 19%) I feel welcome in the Go community. (15:1)

What changes would make the Go community more welcoming? 115 (3.2%) community 52 (1.4%) people 32 (0.9%) r/golang 31 (0.9%) go community 30 (0.8%) google 30 (0.8%) reddit 24 (0.7%) welcoming 23 (0.6%) official 23 (0.6%) open 22 (0.6%) code of conduct 21 (0.6%) golang 21 (0.6%) team 3,017 (83.9%) No response

In which country do you currently reside? (single choice) 928 (26%) United States of America 253  (7%) Germany 168  (5%) United Kingdom 148  (4%) Russia 119  (3%) France 112  (3%) Canada 91  (3%) India 73  (2%) China 72  (2%) Australia 55  (2%) Netherlands 54  (2%) Spain 45  (1%) Sweden 43  (1%) Poland 40  (1%) Italy 36  (1%) Brazil 36  (1%) Switzerland 35  (1%) Ukraine 27  (1%) Japan 24  (1%) Czech Republic 23  (1%) Belgium 441 (12%) Other 772 (21%) No response

We want the Go community to be inclusive; we want to see how we're doing and how to improve. Please select the groups you identify with: (multiple choice) 1,499 (42%) I do not identify as part of an underrepresented group 438 (12%) I prefer not to answer 101  (3%) I identify as LGBTQIA 95  (3%) I identify as ethnically or racially underrepresented 77  (2%) I identify as neurodiverse or as having a disability 49  (1%) I identify as a woman 47  (1%) Write-in: objection to the question. 38  (1%) I identify as part of an underrepresented group, but I prefer not to specify 34  (1%) I identify with an underrepresented group not listed. 1,332 (37%) No response

Just for fun: What is your favorite Go keyword? 854 (24%) go 455 (13%) defer 253  (7%) func 240  (7%) select 227  (6%) interface 145  (4%) struct 139  (4%) chan 129  (4%) range 67  (2%) fallthrough 56  (2%) switch 53  (1%) for 48  (1%) type 47  (1%) map 44  (1%) goto 36  (1%) import 22  (1%) if 20  (1%) package 19  (1%) var 17  (0%) const 14  (0%) continue 13  (0%) return 12  (0%) break 3  (0%) else 2  (0%) case 2  (0%) default 678 (19%) No response

Is there anything else you would like to share with us? 95 (2.6%) thanks 94 (2.6%) great 86 (2.4%) thank you 47 (1.3%) keep up the good work 47 (1.3%) programming 43 (1.2%) community 39 (1.1%) c 37 (1.0%) awesome 33 (0.9%) i love 31 (0.9%) people 29 (0.8%) golang 27 (0.8%) great work 27 (0.8%) java 27 (0.8%) languages 26 (0.7%) fun 26 (0.7%) job 26 (0.7%) time 25 (0.7%) love go 24 (0.7%) generics 24 (0.7%) team 23 (0.6%) projects 22 (0.6%) best 22 (0.6%) wish 22 (0.6%) years 21 (0.6%) simple 2,886 (80.3%) No response

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